開發坡地逕流分析之研究 －坡地茶園之適用例－

Abstract

近年來運動波模式常被利用在山坡地開發、規劃或集水區的水文演算 ，且已被確認為模擬為模擬漫地流相當有效的方法。因此，本研究亦採用 此模式對新埔地區一坡地茶園進行降雨逕流模擬分析。 首先就試驗流域地形條件將其分割成若干區塊，並概念化成CASE I、CASE II 兩種詳分、概分平面漫地流模型。其次，假設 降雨損失僅為入滲損 失，並採用Philip入滲模式。終以運動波法模擬並以實測資料驗証該地之 出流歷線。結果顯示，利用兩種流域模型所模擬出的逕流歷線趨勢與現場 實測歷線極為一致，而且使用CASE II 概分模型即可適切地描述該流域特 性，並經由實測資料驗證得知研究中的流域分割，及所使用的斜面等價糙 度皆相當的恰當。 本文的研究結果僅為系列研究中的初步成果，最終的目的乃是建立一可準 確推估山坡地開發區歷時排水量模式，以提供坡地開發之防災、排水規劃 設計的參考。

In recent years, "kinematic wave model" was constantly madeuse of developments of hillslopes and mapping out the planes, orhydrologic routing of catchment basins. And further this model isverified that it is a efficacious method for simulation of overland flow. therefore, the study simulates the rainfull - runoff correlation of thehillslope in Sin-Pu through the model. At first, the test basin has to be divided into several blocks, andconceptualized CASE I and CASE II plannar overland flow models.Second, the study assumes the loss of raunfull results only frominfiltration, and satisfies Philip's equation. The last, the studysimulates and verifies the runoff hydrographs trough kinematic wavemethod and observations, respectively. From the results, the tendencies of simulations and observationsof two watershed models are coincidental. It is clear that thecharacters of the wtershed is still described reasonably throug CASEII simplified model; the watershed models and equivalent roughnessare reasonable. The results of the article are the primary results of the seriesresearches. the purpose of the researches is to establish a hydrlogicmodel for developments of hillslopes and controling disastrous.