人際網絡、企業網絡與信任之關係

Abstract

企業網絡可藉由網絡成員互動獲取資源、分擔成本與風險，並結合產業中其他企業的長處，以發展出所謂的合作優勢。然而，許多合作都面臨破局的現象，其最大的因素可能來自於網絡成員中對彼此缺乏「信任感」、缺乏堅固的夥伴關係。不管是否以關係為導向的合作，或是以交易為導向的合作，雙方皆必須建立信任，以驅使合作順利進行，也就是說，信任為關係與合作之基礎。除了強調企業間彼此的信任關係外，由於高階主管掌握公司大部分資源，深知公司狀況，且代表整個企業，因此，高階主管的角色也值得深入探討。 本研究將「網絡」區分為「個人網絡」與「企業網絡」，包含正式與非正式的網絡活動，衡量變數包括網絡傾向、網絡範圍、互動連結強度與聲望。本研究亦將「信任」區分為「個人層級信任」與「企業層級信任」。主要探討人際網絡與企業網絡的特性，以及「網絡」與「信任」變數之關聯。本研究從高階主管之角度切入，調查北、中、南部企業高階經理人，利用相關分析、回歸分析、AMOS線性結構等進行統計分析。本研究發現高階主管「個人網絡」可正向影響「企業網絡」、「個人間的信任」；而「個人間的信任」可正向影響「組織間的信任」；另外，「企業網絡」可促進「組織間的信任」。本研究除提出對學術貢獻與建議外，並針對實務界提出相關建議，將有助於高階主管在經營個人網絡與事業時，了解何種網絡特性會促使他人較具信心以維持合作。

The collaboration networks joined with partners is advantageous to gain resources, share the cost and the risk, and combine the strong points of other enterprises by interacting each other. However, much collaboration fails. The main reason possibly is the lack of "the trust feeling" in the network members to each other. Partners must establish trust mutually to prompt cooperation successfully, no matter relational-base or transactional-base cooperations. In other words, trust is the foundation of relations and cooperations. This research not only emphasizes the business-level network and trust, but also pays attention to the executive managers' interpersonal network and trust because of top managers controlling great firm's resource and representing the whole enterprise. This research makes the differentiation of "interpersonal network" and "the enterprise network", and both contain official and the unofficial network activities. The network variable including "propensity to network", "scope of networking activity", "strength of ties" and "network prestige". In the meanwhile, we distinguish "interpersonal trust" from "business trust";And further discuss the relation between "network" and "trust". This research investigated the top managers in Taiwan, and used the correlation analysis, the regression analysis, the AMOS linear structure statistical analysis. The result discovers top manager's "individual network" promotes "the enterprise network", "individual trust" "individual trust" may influence "organization's trust". Moreover, "the enterprise network" promotes "organization's trust". This research besides propose the academic contribution and suggestion, and recommend managers and firms some practical suggestion. These practical suggestions will be helpful to manager to know how to operate individual and business network will be able to urge mutual trust to maintain the collaboration.