分析經濟與環境對全球供應鏈網路之影響

Abstract

本研究制定一創新評估模型以分析經濟與環境對全球供應鏈網絡的影響。對於單一及多產品之問題，為能在達成預設目標的同時亦滿足限制條件，本研究運用多準則最佳化模型以尋求最佳解，並且透過數學規劃方法整合供應鏈的功能，如地點、存貨、生產、分布及運輸方式之選擇等，以求得整體最佳化結果。因此，本研究制定一能最小化經濟成本及環境問題之供應鏈模型，提供在全球供應鏈網絡中，不同期間之貨物流。本研究亦運用真實公司之數據資料至此供應鏈模型，以測試其適用性，包含八種個案探討分別針對三組不同研究組合：單一產品與多產品模型、有無時間限制及有無與經銷商合作。藉由本研究的創新研究架構，個案公司能在考量經濟與環境所帶來的影響之下，設計最適合公司本身之全球供應鏈策略，如決定最適的交通路線、存貨水準、運輸數量及運輸方式。

This study formulates a model for analyzing eco-environmental impact on global supply chain network. The multi-criteria optimization model is applied to seek optimal solutions that can not only achieve predetermined objectives but also satisfy constraints for both single and multi-product problems. The overall optimization is achieved using mathematical programming for modeling the supply chain functions such as location, inventory, production, distribution functions and transportation mode selections. Then, the supply chain model is formulated as a cost and environmental impact minimization problem. Herein, the solution is the flow of goods in global supply chain environment in different periods over one year. Furthermore, the numerical values obtained from a real company are applied to these mathematical formulations to test its usability. The testing is conducted in eight different cases that include three combination, e.g. single product and multi-product model, no constraint on time and constraint on time, without connection of distributor and linked distributors. The results from these experiments can help in determining the best transportation routes, inventory levels, shipment quantity, and transportation modes. Specifically, the result proposes a new configuration for designing global supply chain of the case company that could minimize economical and environmental impacts problems simultaneously.