家庭娛樂消遣及教育文化支出之影響因素分析－家庭生命週期理論之應用

Abstract

本文主題為家庭娛樂消遣及教育文化支出之影響因素分析，主要探討家庭在不同生命週期階段與家庭娛樂消遣及教育文化支出情形與影響因素。因此本研究之目的如下： ㄧ、分析家庭娛樂消遣支出在不同家庭生命週期階段之差異情形及影響因素。 二、分析家庭教育文化支出在不同家庭生命週期階段之差異情形及影響因素。 三、提出具體建議，供有關決策單位參考。

本研究係以我國行政院主計處的「台灣地區家庭收支訪問調查」資料庫作為實證分析的資料來源，此項調查抽樣方法採用分層二段隨機抽樣法，以全台灣地區村里為第一抽樣單位，村里內之戶為第二抽樣單位，本研究選取民國93年家庭收支訪問調查資料，作為分析的基礎。在研究方法上，以Ando and Modigliani所提出生命週期理論來說明家庭娛樂消遣支出及教育文化支出在不同家庭生命週期階段之消費行為，並採用Witt and Goodale（1981）的分法，以最小子女的年齡將家庭生命週期劃分為五個階段，以迴歸分析探討差異情形及影響因素。 依本文之研究，扼要地將結論，臚列如下： 一、在不同家庭生命週期階段，家庭娛樂消遣及教育文化支出差異具顯著性，且家庭娛樂消遣支出平均金額差異較小，家庭教育文化支出平均金額差異較大。 二、在不同家庭生命週期階段之家庭娛樂消遣支出，在「戶長個人社 經條件」變數類別方面之影響因素差異大，且影響方向非一致性 ；惟在「家庭概況」變數類別方面之影響因素並無差異，且影響方向具一致性。 三、在不同家庭生命週期階段，家庭娛樂消遣支出之影響因素，大致以「教育程度3」及「家庭可支配所得」對於家庭娛樂消遣支出最具重要影響力並具有顯著性。 四、在不同家庭生命週期階段之家庭教育文化支出，在「戶長個人社經條件」及「家庭概況」變數類別方面之影響因素差異甚大，且 影響方向非一致性。 五、在不同家庭生命週期階段，家庭教育文化支出之影響因素，大致以「年齡」、「教育程度3」及「戶內人口數」對於家庭教育文化支出最具重要影響力並具有顯著性。

關鍵字：娛樂消遣支出、教育文化支出、家庭生命週期

The topic of this paper is to analyze the influential factors of family recreation and education expenditure at different stages of the family life cycle. The objectives of this research are as follow: 1.Analyze the differential condition and influential factors of family expenditure at different stages of family life cycle. 2.Analyze the differential condition and influential factors of family education at different stages of family life cycle. 3.Propose specific recommendation as references for related authority.

This research is to use the database of the “Family Income and Expenditure Interview Investigation in Taiwan” of Directorate - General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics, Executive Yuan, as the source of data for the empirical analyses. This sample method is to use stratified random sampling method, the villages in Taiwan as the first sampling unit and the residents of the villages as the second sampling unit, the analysis is base on the data of the family expenditure interview investigation collected in Year 2004. On the research method, use the life cycle theory proposed by Ando and Modigliani to explain the consumption behavior of family recreation and education expenditure at different stages of the family life cycle, as well as using Witt and Goodale's (1981) method, according to the age of the youngest child, separate the household life-cycle into five stages and use regression-analysis to examine differences and influential factors.

According to this research, the following are the highlights of the conclusion: 1.At different stages of the family life cycle, there is significant difference in family recreation and education expenditure. The average amount of family recreation as smaller difference and the average amount of family education expenditure has larger significant difference. 2.For the family recreation expenditure at different stages of life cycle, the variable category,“ head of residence's personal social condition” has major differences in the influential factors, and the direction of influence is non-consistent; for the “household's general situation” variable category, the influential factors have no differences and the direction of influence is consistent. 3.At different stages of family life cycle, the “level of education”and“household disposable income” has significant influence on family recreation expenditure. 4.For the family education expenditure, the influential factors of the variable categories, “head of residence's personal social condition” and “household's general situation” have big difference, and the direction of influence is non-consistent. 5.At different stages of family life cycle, the effecting factors of family education expenditure are mainly “age”, “level of education” and “Number of population per residence”, all these factors have significant influence on family education.

Keywords : Recreation Expenditure, Education Expenditure, Family Life Cycle