影響鄉村社區居民對生活品質改善認知因素之探討─以改善農漁村社區環 境實施計畫地區為例

Abstract

本研究在瞭解本省鄉村社區居民對生活品質改善個人主觀認知之情形 ，並瞭解個人背景因素及區位因素在認知程度上造成之差異，所測量的變 項包含⑴個人背景變項：性別、年齡、個人月所得、教育程度、職業、社 區職務、居住時間、家庭人口數。⑵區位因素：地理區域、地形特質、發 展等級及其交互作用。 抽樣過程在全省共遴選五十八處鄉村社區，以 面對面訪談方式取得有效問卷共４２９份。資料分析使用次數百分比、信 度分析、因素分析及多因子變異數分析進行驗證，並分別就總認知、環境 面、社會面、經濟面加以檢視。 結果顯示有社區職務者其認知程度明 顯高於無社區職務者，且不同教育程度者有顯著的認知差異。在區位因素 的交互作用上，地理區域與地形特質、地理區域與發展等級兩組達到顯著 差異，故值得重視各區域間之差異，亦即在檢視鄉村社區的認知程度時不 能僅從經濟面著眼而忽視它在環境面與社會面的差異之處。 最後建議 對沿海及坡地鄉鎮之建設應再加強，且對投入經費較多之計畫需完善規畫 及事前與居民充分溝通。

This study is to explore the cognition of improvement of quality of life in Taiwan rural community, and how influential personal background and ecological factors affecting on it. The measured variables include (1) demographic factors: gender, age, monthly income, level of education, career, community committee staff position, residence time and family size. (2) ecological factors: location, topography, development level and the interaction among them. A sample of 429 is recruited by interview survey. Statistical techniques such as frequency distribution, reliability analysis, factor analysis and multivariate ANOVA were employed with respect to environment, society, and economy dimension respectively. It is found that residents with community committee experiences have stronger cognition than those without, and that education level is also a crucialfactor to contribute to the differences. The findings that ecological factors exhibiting significant main and interaction effects spells out the importance of taking ecological factors into account in evaluating the cognition differences. It is suggested that the government should undertake more construction in coastal areas and hillside communities. Sufficient communication with the residents in advance, and well preparation and plan for the projects is necessary, particularly for those high-cost projects.