影響農業相關學系應屆畢業生選擇農業職業意願因素之研究

Abstract

摘要 隨著時代的轉變，農業在我國所扮演的角色，已由單純的生產功能轉變為生產、生活與生態之三大功能，其重要性與日俱增。為了持續發展台灣農業，大學農業相關學系培育之優質農業人力，正是使農業具競爭力的最大動力來源，因此期望農業相關學系應屆畢業生投入農業職業之領域。 本研究旨在探討農業相關學系應屆畢業生選擇農業職業意願之情況與影響選擇農業職業意願之因素，藉由性別、興趣、工作收入滿意度、家庭社經地位、雙親的認同、就業機會之多寡及相關工作價值觀的角度切入，期望了解其對農業相關學系應屆畢業生選擇農業職業意願之影響力以及影響力之大小。並將研究結果，提供大學農業相關學系培育人才之參考。 本研究以樣本描述性分析、多元迴歸分析與路徑分析加以探討。研究結果顯示農業相關學系應屆畢業生選擇農業相關職業的意願為中等程度稍偏高，各學系選擇各項農業職業意願之等級，皆以成為生物科學專業人員為最高意願，農業技術工及有關工作者，為各學系應屆畢業生最後的意願。而各學系選擇農業職業意願高低之程度差異也不大，都在中等程度稍偏高左右。此外，性別、興趣和工作收入滿意度三者對選擇農業職業意願具有顯著的影響力，興趣則是最重要關鍵變項。 建議學校教師及輔導室人員鼓勵女學生投入農業之領域，提昇農業相關學系應屆畢業生對農業職業工作收入之滿意度及選擇農業職業之興趣，藉由提昇農業人力資源，使我國農業得以永續發展。

Abstract With time changing, the role that agriculture played has been changing from day to day. Agriculture played as producing in the past, but it has got three main utilities－producing, living and ecological nowadays. Therefore it is very clear that the importance of agriculture is increasing up with time. For constant development of agriculture, the high quality human resources graduating from the departments of agriculture-related in universities should be the greatest power leading Taiwan to be a more competitive country. So how to increase the willing of the senior of the departments of agriculture to join the agriculture-related occupation is what we concern. This research will study the situation of the willing of the senior of agriculture-related departments to choose agriculture-related occupation and the factors influencing their choices. By focusing on sex, interests, satisfaction in income, social economic status, parents' agreement, work opportunities and agriculture-related work values, we try to discover which of those factors will influence the willing of the senior of the departments of agriculture to choose agriculture-related occupation and how strong they are. We hope the result of this research could be offered as a reference for the education of agriculture-related departments in universities. In this research, we use three kinds of statistics method－descriptive statistics analysis, multiple regression analysis and path analysis to analyze the data. The result indicates that for the senior of agriculture-related departments, the willing of choosing agriculture-related work as their careers is a little bit higher than middle level. To be a professional worker in the biological science field is the most popular choice for the surveyors graduating from different agriculture-related departments. Meanwhile, both agriculture-skill operator and the related worker are the last choices for those students investigated. There is no significant difference in the willing of choosing agriculture related work as their careers among the students form different agriculture-related departments－all of them are (simply) a little bit higher than middle level. In addition, sex, interest and satisfaction in income indicate significant influence on the willing of choosing agriculture-related work, and I interest is the most important key variable. In final, we'd like to like to offer our suggestions. We should increase the satisfaction in income from agriculture-related work and interest in it for students of agriculture-related departments. And we want to suggest teachers and career counselors in colleges encourage female students to join agriculture-related work. Therefore, we can improve the quality of human resources in agriculture for constant development of agriculture.