芽菜生產環境控制條件之研究

Abstract

This study was attempted to explore the dynamic relationship betweem mung bean sprout growth and growth temperature, humidity ethylene concentration/period of application. The final objective is to develop an ideal automatic system to produce best quality of mung bean sprout. Results indicated that the growth of mung bean sprout under natural condition was greatly affected by the growth temperature. Initial growth was retarded under low temperature condition. High temperature favored the occurrence of diseases and the growth also was hampered. Growth temperature affected the period of ethylene treatment/application. within the appropriate temperature regime, the proper period of treatment can be predicted by the regression equation CHt=155.84-5.66T +0.06T*T. Spraying requency was highly significant to the length of hypocotyl, significant to the length of root and growth multiples and nsignificant to the hypocotyl diameter and cutting stress. All the period of ethylene treatment greatly affected the growth of hypocotyl length, root length and growth multiples. Ethylene concentration and growth temperature are also highly significant and significant,respectively, to the growth indexes. To summarize the results of this study, the ideal conditions for the production of quality mung bean sprout are:i> the temperature sould be controlled below 33℃, ii> sprinkling of water is appropriate once every 2-4 hours, iii>period of ethylene treatment should follow the regression equation in the text to obtain hypocotyl length between 1.5-2.0cm, and iv)the optimum ethylene concentration in the closed room is about 2ppm.

芽菜生產從種子的浸種、培育至收成的生產程序及作業模式已然有軌跡可 循，但攸關芽菜生產品質與生產穩定性的環境控制條件仍缺乏完整資料。 因此對芽菜栽培環境中的溫度、濕度、乙烯等主要因子與芽菜生長關係之 探討，將有助於薄層式自動化芽菜生產栽培環境條件綜合控制模式的確立 ，與一貫化栽培體系自動控制系統的建立。因此本研究的主要目的在對芽 菜之生長特性與栽培環境中溫度、濕度（不同噴水頻度）及乙烯濃度變化 之關係與反應作一有系統的探討。研究結果顯示，在自然生長條件下芽菜 生長受溫度的影響極為顯著，在生長期間各項生長指標的變化趨勢與生長 溫度具有２次曲線關係，生長初期低溫會抑制生長，高溫則肇致生長障礙 與病害，適合萌芽期生長溫度以控制在33℃以下為佳。生長溫度影響乙烯 處理時機，在試驗溫度範圍內乙烯處理時期可由迴歸方程式 CHt=155.84-5.66tT+0.06T*T預測。 不同噴水頻度對芽菜胚莖長度影響呈 極顯著，對根長與生長倍數的影響呈顯著，但對胚軸直徑與抗剪應力的影 響則呈不顯著。乙烯處理時期的差異對芽菜各項生長指標（胚莖長度、根 長、生長倍數）均呈顯著影響。乙烯濃度與生長溫度對芽菜各項生長指標 均呈極顯著或顯著關係，為芽菜生產的重要環境控制因子。綜合本試驗之 結果要生產優良品質的芽菜，栽培環境控制因子中的溫度應控制在33℃以 下，維持適當的濕度噴水頻度以2至4小時噴灌一次較理想，乙烯處理時期 因溫度而異，可由關係式估計(為以芽體長度達到1.5-2cm 時為基準)，在 密閉良好的空間乙烯濃度以2ppm為宜。