固定式自行車裝置三維感測踏板之開發與研究

Abstract

近年來自行車運動風氣日漸蓬勃，同時自行車運動也被認為是一項有效的心肺有氧運動，而自行車踏板的種類也越來越多，其中值得關注的是職業選手常在大型自行車比賽中使用之卡式踏板，藉由一腳下踩與另一腳同時上拉之踩踏方式，其增加了機械效率進而改善了騎乘效率，但在騎乘自行車時其缺少一套三維踏板量測系統可準確且即時量測下肢生物力學之參數，為了解決此問題，本研究期望開發與建立一套三維卡式量測踏板系統，而此量測系統可藉由四個三軸式之壓電感測器(Load cell)所收集之電壓值，將之代入其複迴歸方程式，進而計算在動態騎乘過程中其下肢關節之力量值與力矩值，未來此量測系統將使用於自行車運動之生物力學實驗。 本研究已完成建立一卡式量測踏板系統，在卡式踏板設計方面本研究利用電腦輔助設計軟體設計出一可裝置四個壓電感測器且符合使用之卡式量測踏板，而後利用有限元素分析軟體模擬其受力之狀況與確認其是否符合使用之條件，最後經由模擬分析之結果與考量多項設計因素後，所得最佳卡式量測踏板尺寸之長、寬、高分別為 120 mm x 100 mm x 36 mm，其整體重量不超過九百克，期望此一三維踏板量測系統藉由生物力學實驗所收集之數據以避免自行車運動傷害和提供騎乘者強度上之建議。

The cycling is one of the most popular activities in recent years. Also, it is an effective cardio aerobic exercise. However, in the cycling competition, more and more bicycle professional athletes use the clipless pedal to gain and improve mechanical riding efficiency. So far it still lacks a set of three-dimension pedal measuring system for measuring lower extremity biomechanics parameters. In order to solve this problem, the objective of this research is to establish and develop a three-dimension pedal measuring system. The computer-aided design software was used to design a clipless measuring pedal system by assembling four piezoelectric sensors. Then, a finite element analysis software was applied to simulate the force loading and confirmed their compliance. To consider and improve mechanical factors, including the best pedal geometric dimensions, by finite element analysis results were used. The pedal width, depth, and height was 120mm x 100 mm x 36 mm, respectively the weight was less than 900 grams. Finally, four of three-axis piezoelectric sensor (Load cell) were used and calibrated voltage values by experiments and complex regression equation was applied to calculate the force and torque parameters on lower limb joints. Hopefully, this system would be able to reduce cycling injuries to help more athletes.