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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/11455/36952
標題: 巴拉刈抗性水稻突變體之篩選與抗性機制
Screening and resistance mechanism of paraquat-resistant rice mutants
作者: 許軍駐
Hsu, Chun-Chu
關鍵字: paraqaut;巴拉刈
出版社: 農藝學系所
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摘要: 
巴拉刈為廣泛使用的接觸型非選擇性除草劑，僅可施用於植前或
是非耕地。本研究以台農67 號經NaN3 誘變之1,343 個突變品系(M7)
為材料，進行對巴拉刈除草劑初步篩選後所得13 個品系進一步試驗。13 個水稻突變品系依據不同生育期之傷害指數(injury index)及分蘗期光系統Ⅱ抑制(photosystem Ⅱ inhibition)試驗結果，挑選出對巴拉刈具有抗性(R)及感性(S)之突變品系，由於先前本研究室篩選所得之突變品系抗、感性差異較大，且表現穩定，故後續抗性機制研究均以先前選出之72-16-4(R)與1192-11-5(S)為材料進行研究。本研究結果顯示幼苗之抗性機制可能原因包括：(1) 截收與吸收：72-16-4(R)幼苗葉片截收能力略低於TNG67 和1192-11-5(S)。(2) 轉運：72-16-4(R)處理初期組織受損較輕微，因而較TNG67 和1192-11-1(S)易將巴拉刈轉運至非處理部位，顯然轉運不是決定抗性之因素。(3) 代謝：TNG67、72-16-4(R)1192-11-5(S)幼苗對於14C-paraquat 代謝能力沒有明顯差異，證明代謝不是影響抗性之因素。另ㄧ方面，分蘗期之抗性可能機制包括：(1) 截收與吸收：抗性突變體葉片不具有長的毛狀體構造，因此對於藥劑截收能力較 1192-11-5(S)弱；此外，由於抗性植株葉片蠟質含量較高，推測其吸收藥劑能力較1192-11-5(S)弱。(2) 轉運：抗、感性突變體葉片細胞壁與巴拉刈之結合能力沒有差異，而在三種水稻材料中大部分巴拉刈不進行轉運。証明轉運不是影響抗性之因素。(3) 代謝：TNG67、72-16-4(R)和 1192-11-5(S)分蘗期葉片、液胞和葉綠體對於14C-paraquat代謝能力沒有明顯差異，證明代謝不是影響抗性之因素。综合以上結果，抗感性水稻材料之葉片對於巴拉刈之截收與吸收差異，可能是影響抗性之部分原因。

Paraquat is a non-selective herbicide widely used in weed control. In order to improve and extend the use of this herbicide, paraquat-resistant (R) (72-16-4) and susceptible (S) (1192-11-5) rice mutants were selscted from the NaN3-mutated rice pool of cv. Tainung 67 (TNG67) in Taiwan. The mechanism of paraquat resistance in 4-leaf rice seedlings was proven that paraquat interception by seedling leaves of R-mutant was lower than S-mutant, whereas both translocation and metabolism of paraquat were not the factors influencing resistance. In addition, study on the resistance mechanism of rice plants at tillering stage showed that the lower paraquat absorption of R-mutant resulted from high wax content might partially contribute to the paraquat resistance. According to the experimental results of rice plants at two different stages suggested that retardation of paraquat interception and absorption might be a partial factor related to paraquat resistance, whereas both translocation and metabolism were excluded.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/11455/36952
其他識別: U0005-2307200909492200
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