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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/11455/95732
標題: 玉山國家公園主峰線植物物候研究
Plant Phenoloy along Main Peak Trail in Yusan National Park
作者: 方韻茹
Yun-Ju Fang
關鍵字: 高山生態系;開花與結實物候;氣候變遷;極端天氣;玉山杜鵑;積溫模式;Alpine ecosystem;flowering and fruiting phenology climate change;extreme weather;Rhododendron pseudochrysanthum;accumulative temperature model
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摘要: 
玉山國家公園為臺灣3座典型高山國家公園之一，本研究於玉山國家公園塔塔加-玉山主峰之玉山主峰線步道進行植物開花與結實物候調查，並針對玉山杜鵑進行縮時攝影拍攝，測量玉山杜鵑((Rhododendron pseudochrysanthum))花芽的生長發育，配合日均溫的變化，建立打破花芽休眠的基礎溫度，並推測積溫起始時間，利用不同積溫起始日與基準溫度進行玉山杜鵑熱量累積的閥值運算，預測其開花時間。
研究調查期間自2016年3月至2018年4月，共紀錄到233種植物，其中有210種植物開花，179種植物結實。逐月開花物種數與溫度具顯著相關性，與降雨相關不顯著，逐月結實物種數與開花的趨勢相似，大約晚開花物種高峰期1-3個月。鐵杉雲杉林帶 (Tsuga-Picea Forest Zone) 調查到178種植物開花，164種植物結實；於冷杉林帶Abies Forest Zone)調查到101種植物開花，89種植物結實；於高山植群帶Alpine vegetation Zone)調查到53種植物開花，43種植物結實。植物開花結實物種數隨著海拔升高有減少的趨勢；隨海拔上升，分布的物種數量越少，植物開花的時間也越晚。植物種類開花時間主要集中在春夏季，結實的物種數主要集中夏秋季。喬木植物的開花高峰期在 5-6 月，灌木植物在 5-8 月，草本植物在6-8 月。2年的觀察發現，氣候變化造成秋-冬季溫度升高，使得玉山主峰線的秋冬季植物開花延遲結束，並導致春季開花物候有提前現象，此可能造成開花高峰期與授粉者活動高峰期不匹配，並致使植物容易受到晚春降雪的寒害，進而影響植物成功繁育機會。
玉山顯示雪山圈谷的玉山杜鵑積溫起始日可能為冬季最低溫的日子，在基準溫度為4℃有較準確的預測，與玉山杜鵑分布於玉山及雪山所需的熱量累積在統計上有顯著差異，因此兩地區的預測用的熱量閥值需要分別計算再進行預測。
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/11455/95732
Rights: 同意授權瀏覽/列印電子全文服務，2021-07-11起公開。
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