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http://hdl.handle.net/11455/96046| DC Field | Value | Language |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor | 賴麗旭 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor | Lih-Shiuh Lai | en_US |
| dc.contributor.author | Wen-Wen Zeng | en_US |
| dc.contributor.author | 曾汶雯 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.other | 食品暨應用生物科技學系所 | zh_TW |
| dc.date | 2017 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2018-12-17T03:20:57Z | - |
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/11455/96046 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 本研究利用單一酵素/雙酵素修飾南洋山蘇 (Asplenium australasicum) 黏質，並探討其結構修飾前後物化特性的改變。結果顯示以蛋白質水解酶、多醣水解酶修飾南洋山蘇黏質多醣的結構，雖然會使黏質產率降低，但能改善其物化性質，如提高山蘇黏質之多醣純度、增加黏質溶液之透明度、水溶性、保濕能力及黏度等，其中雙酵素修飾中以proteinase + xylanase的組合最能有效地修飾南洋山蘇黏質。利用超音波輔助萃取則可以較低的溫度及較短的時間完成南洋山蘇黏質的萃取。以不同的溶劑 (水、25% 及40%酒精水溶液) 萃取南洋山蘇葉，所得萃取物分別為WE、AE25及AE40。在各個山蘇萃取物中，以WE含有最多醣類，並有較高的保濕能力；而AE40則含有最多的多酚化合物及類黃酮，並具有較高的吸收紫外光能力及較高的酪胺酸酶抑制活性。酵素動力結果顯示，AE40乃是藉由非競爭型方式抑制酪胺酸酶活性，在黑色素癌細胞B16 F10中亦能減少黑色素生成及減少酪胺酸酶活性，可能與其含有較高的對-香豆酸含量有關。細胞實驗結果顯示，南洋山蘇萃取物對纖維母細胞NIH-3T3不僅無細胞毒性 (50-400 μg/ml)，還能促進纖維母細胞NIH-3T3細胞增生，尤以AE40處理之加強細胞增生能力及移動力最佳。將不同增稠劑製備基底乳液並作感官喜好性品評及流變性質分析，以褐藻膠為增稠劑者與市售乳液之整體喜好性最相近，故選作後續之基底乳液配方。乳液的流變性質 (屈服應力及稠度係數) 與官能性質中的濕潤感和鋪展性有很高的正相關性，因此其流變性質可用來預測消費者對乳液性質的喜好性。將南洋山蘇萃取物添加至基底乳液中，讓46位皮膚狀況正常的女性受試者連續使用四週發現，添加1%南洋山蘇萃取物 (WE或AE40) 的乳液，有增加人體皮膚水含量的潛力；含1%WE乳液能顯著增加皮膚彈性，且隨使用週數增加而提升；含1%AE40乳液有較佳的抑制皮膚之黑色素沉澱。整體而言，南洋山蘇萃取物中潛在的生物活性成分，如富含岩藻糖的黏質或酚類化合物 (如對-香豆酸)，將有望應用在機能性食品或多功能營養化妝品中。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | The mucilage extracted from the Asplenium australasicum edible fronds with single/dual enzymatic modification was characterized. Results revealed various characteristics (e.g. purity of polysaccharide, turbidity, solubility, moisture holding capability and viscosity) of A. australasicum mucilage with structural modification by protease/glycoside hydrolase were improved though the mucilage yield decreased. Furthermore, proteinase/xylanase treatment was most effective in terms of structural modification. Ultrasound-assisted extraction generally showed a comparable extraction yield under a condition of lower temperature and shorter time. Various extracts (WE, AE25 and AE40) of A. australasicum (extracted by water, 25% and 40% aqueous ethanol, respectively) were prepared, and it was found that the extracts (e.g. WE) with higher carbohydrate content generally showed a higher moisture holding capability. The extracts (e.g. AE40) with higher polyphenols and flavonoids content generally showed a stronger UV absorbance and inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activity by a non-competitive inhibition for mushroom tyrosinase. In melanoma B16 F10 system, AE40 also reduced melanin production and decreased tyrosinase activity, may be related to its higher content of p-coumaric acid. Cell culture experiment showed that A. australasicum extracts at 50-400 μg/ml had no cytotoxicity but enhanced proliferation activity for fibroblast NIH-3T3 after three-day incubation, especially the extract AE40 was most effective. In order to understand the potential of A. australasicum extracts to cosmetic application, various lotion bases with different types of thickeners were first prepared, and lotion base with alginate as a thickener was selected due to its comparability with a commercial lotion by consumers' preference test. The rheological properties (yield stress and consistency factor) of lotions have a high positive-correlation with the moist-feel and spreading properties in the sensory properties and therefore their rheological properties can be used to predict consumers' preference for lotion properties. A human-trial study was conducted by asking forty six female volunteers with normal skin to use lotions containing 1% of A. australasicum extracts (WE or AE40) for successive four weeks. It was found that by using lotions with the addition of 1% of A. australasicum extracts could increase skin hydration. Lotion with 1% WE could significantly increase the elasticity of the skin and enhance it with the weeks of application, while lotion with 1% AE40 had a better capability to inhibiting skin melanization. In summary, the potential bioactive components in A. australasicum extracts, such as fucose-rich mucilage or phenolic compounds including p-coumaric acid, will promising to be developed as functional foods or nutricosmetics with multiple-physiological benefits in cutaneous applications. | en_US |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 摘要 i ABSTRACT ii 目錄 iv 表目錄 viii 圖目錄 x 壹、前言 1 貳、文獻回顧 2 一、南洋山蘇與其黏質 2 1. 南洋山蘇 (Asplenium australasicum（J. Sm.) Hook) 2 2. 南洋山蘇黏質與萃取物之相關研究 6 二、天然來源多醣與生理功能 10 1. 黏質 (Mucilage) 10 2. 植物多醣及其在化妝品的應用 13 3. 岩藻糖(L-fucose)及富含岩藻糖之寡/多醣於皮膚之生理功能 15 4. 酵素處理應用於修飾多醣結構 18 5. 超音波輔助萃取天然物質 19 三、皮膚的老化 20 1. 人體皮膚 20 2. 年輕皮膚與老化皮膚 22 3. 膠原蛋白(collagens)的生成機制 26 五、皮膚的黑色素生成 28 1. 黑色素的生成(melanogenesis)與黑色素細胞 28 2. 酪胺酸酶(tyrosinase) 31 3. 皮膚中黑色素生成的影響因子 33 4. 抑制性酵素動力學 (Inhibitory kinetics of enzyme) 38 肆、材料與方法 47 第一章、酵素修飾水萃山蘇黏質多醣結構及其物化特性 47 一、新鮮南洋山蘇葉的前處理 47 二、南洋山蘇水萃黏質(WM)的製備 47 三、以酵素法修飾南洋山蘇粗多醣之結構 50 1. 蛋白酶 (protease) 50 2. 醣苷水解酶 (glycoside hydrolase) 50 四、南洋山蘇純化多醣之物化特性分析 53 1. 總糖含量 (Total carbohydrate content) 53 2. 蛋白質含量 (Protein content) 53 3. 單糖(酸性糖、中性糖) 組成 (Monosaccharide composition) 53 4. 重量平均分子量(Weight average molecular mass) 55 5. 溶解度(Solubility) 56 6. 混濁度(Turbidity) 56 7. 固有黏度 (Intrinsic viscosity) 57 8. 保濕力 (Moisture holding capacity, MHC) 57 9. 表面張力(Surface tension) 58 第二章、超音波輔助抽取南洋山蘇葉萃取物及其生理活性分析 59 一、利用超音波設備萃取南洋山蘇萃取物與黏質 59 二、南洋山蘇萃取物之成分分析 59 1. 總糖和蛋白質含量 59 2. 總多酚含量 59 3. 類黃酮含量 61 4. 酚酸之HPLC分析 61 三、南洋山蘇萃取物對黑色素生成及保濕力影響之體外試驗 62 1. 對紫外光的吸收 62 2. 對酪胺酸酶活性的抑制 62 3. 酪胺酸酶之抑制酵素動力學(Inhibition kinetics of tyrosinase) 63 4. 保濕力 (Moisture holding capacity, MHC) 64 5. 溶解度 64 四、南洋山蘇萃取物對纖維母細胞NIH-3T3的影響 64 1. NIH-3T3細胞之繼代培養 64 2. NIH-3T3細胞之細胞存活率(cell viability) 65 3. NIH-3T3細胞生產之膠原蛋白含量 66 4. NIH-3T3細胞之傷口修復試驗(Wound healing assay) 67 五、南洋山蘇萃取物對黑色素腫瘤細胞B16F10的影響 68 1. B16F10細胞之繼代培養 68 2. B16F10細胞之細胞存活率(cell viability) 69 3. B16F10細胞之α-HSM誘發生成黑色素含量 69 4. B16F10細胞之酪胺酸酶活性 70 第三章、南洋山蘇葉萃取物應用於化妝品乳液及其功能性分析 72 一、利用不同增稠劑製備基底乳液 72 1. 人工增稠劑-卡波莫(Carbopol 940, CB) 72 2. 天然增稠劑-褐藻膠(Sodium alginate, SA) 74 3. 天然增稠劑-結蘭膠(Gellan, Ge) 74 4. 天然增稠劑-三仙膠 (Xanthan gum, XG) 75 5. 天然增稠劑-瓜爾豆膠 (Guar gum, GG) 75 二、不同配方之基底乳液的消費者嗜好性評估 77 三、基底乳液之流變性質分析 80 1. 穩剪切(steady shear)流變性質測定 80 2. 動態黏彈性(dynamic viscoelasticity)性質測定 80 3. 蠕動回復(creep-recovery)試驗 81 四、含南洋山蘇萃取物乳液對人體膚質之影響 81 1. 人體皮膚之水份含量 (moisture content in stratum corneum) 85 2. 人體皮膚之彈性 (elasticity) 85 3. 人體皮膚之黑色色素 (melanin pigment) 85 伍、結果與討論 87 第一章、酵素修飾水萃山蘇黏質多醣結構及其物化特性 87 一、酵素修飾對山蘇黏質組成與結構之影響 87 1. 產率、蛋白質、總糖含量 87 2. 單醣組成 90 3. 多醣與蛋白質之分子量分佈 95 二、酵素修飾對山蘇黏質水合能力之影響 100 1. 固有黏度 100 2. 溶解度與混濁度 104 3. 親水性質-界面活性與保濕能力 106 三、第一章結論 109 第二章、超音波輔助抽取南洋山蘇葉萃取物及其體外活性分析 110 一、南洋山蘇黏質與萃取物之化學組成 110 1. 產率 110 2. 超音波萃取條件對蛋白質與總糖含量之影響 110 3. 超音波萃取條件對總多酚及類黃酮之影響 111 4. 不同酒精濃度萃取對酚酸含量之影響 114 二、南洋山蘇萃取物之生理功能分析 120 1. 山蘇萃取物之酪胺酸酶抑制率 120 2. 山蘇萃取物對酪酸酸酵素動力參數之影響 121 3. 山蘇萃取物阻擋紫外光之能力 124 4. 山蘇萃取物之水溶解度及保濕能力 126 三、南洋山蘇萃取物對細胞生理之影響 128 1. 山蘇萃取物對纖維母細胞存活率之影響 128 2. 山蘇萃取物對纖維母細胞生產膠原蛋白之影響 132 3. 山蘇萃取物對纖維母細胞移動力之影響 135 4. 山蘇萃取物對黑色素腫瘤細胞存活率之影響 137 5. 山蘇萃取物對B16F10細胞生成黑色素含量之影響 140 6. 山蘇萃取物對黑色素腫瘤細胞中酪胺酸酶活性之影響 142 四、第二章結論 143 第三章、南洋山蘇葉萃取物應用皮膚保養乳液及其功能性分析 144 一、市售乳液及五種配方基底乳液之喜好性感官品評 144 二、添加不同增稠劑之基底乳液的流變性質 152 1. 基底乳液之穩剪切流變特性 152 2. 基底乳液之動態黏彈性質 160 3. 基底乳液之蠕動回復(Creep-recovery)結果 163 三、山蘇萃取物乳液於人體皮膚膚質的影響 167 1. 山蘇萃取物乳液之過敏性 167 2. 山蘇萃取物對人體皮膚之水份含量的影響 169 3. 山蘇萃取物對人體皮膚之彈性的影響 170 4. 山蘇萃取物對人體皮膚之黑色素含量的影響 176 四、第三章結論 179 陸、總結 180 柒、參考文獻 181 捌、附錄 195 附錄一、同意人體研究證明書 195 附錄二、同意計畫修正證明書 196 附錄三、國立中興大學研究計畫受試者同意書 197 附錄四、基底乳液之感官品評問卷調查表 200 附錄五、中興大學研究倫理訓練證書 202 附錄六、結案通過證明函 205 | zh_TW |
| dc.language.iso | zh_TW | zh_TW |
| dc.rights | 不同意授權瀏覽/列印電子全文服務 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 酵素處理 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 黏質 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 黏度 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 膠原蛋白 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 保濕力 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 黑色素 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 彈性 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 流變性質 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | enzymatic modification | en_US |
| dc.subject | viscosity | en_US |
| dc.subject | collagen | en_US |
| dc.subject | moiisture holding capability | en_US |
| dc.subject | melanin | en_US |
| dc.subject | elasticity | en_US |
| dc.subject | rheological properties | en_US |
| dc.title | Effect of structural modification on the physicochemical properties of Asplenium australasicum mucilage and evaluation for its applications of extracts in cosmetic systems | en_US |
| dc.title | 結構修飾對南洋山蘇黏質理化特性之影響及其萃取物應用於化妝品之可行性評估 | zh_TW |
| dc.type | thesis and dissertation | en_US |
| dc.date.paperformatopenaccess | 2020-12-27 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.openaccess | 10000-01-01 | - |
| item.openairetype | thesis and dissertation | - |
| item.openairecristype | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_18cf | - |
| item.languageiso639-1 | zh_TW | - |
| item.grantfulltext | restricted | - |
| item.fulltext | with fulltext | - |
| item.cerifentitytype | Publications | - |
| Appears in Collections: | 食品暨應用生物科技學系 | |
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