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  3. 農業經濟與行銷碩士學位學程
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/11455/96983
標題: 台灣農戶所得分配之決定因素: 分量迴歸之應用
Determinants of Farm Household Income Distribution in Taiwan: Application of Quantile Regression
作者: 林心榆
Hsin-Yu Lin
關鍵字: 所得分配;吉尼係數;分量迴歸;條件分量;政府補貼收入;Income Distribution;Gini Coefficient;Quantile Regression
引用: 一、中文部分 石曜合，2010，「台灣農家與非農家所得不均之比較與分析-考量所得來源與家庭人口規模之影響」，國立台灣大學生物資源暨農學院農業經濟學係碩士論文。 任立中、林佩瑩，2013，「台北市傳統零售市場消費型態之分析─分量迴歸模型之應用」，《行銷科學學報》，9卷1期，頁77–P108。 行政院主計總處，台灣地區家庭收支調查，家庭收支歷年報告，民國104年-83 年統計資料。 行政院主計總處，2016，「105年家庭收支調查報告」。 巫錫煒，2011，「中國城鎮家庭戶收入和財產不平等:1995~2002」，《人口研究》， 35卷6期。 林國慶、許聖章、施瑩艷，2007，「我國農家所得變動及政策意涵之分析」，計畫編號: 96農科-5.1.1-企-Q2(8)。 林健次，2009，「芬蘭經濟的特質」，臺灣國際研究季刊, 5(4), 頁25-48. 林慈芳，2013，「所得分配與經濟成長之探討：國際發展與臺灣實證」，台灣經濟論衡，11(6)，頁61-109。 唐正道、徐士勛、李紹瑋，2002) ，「從家戶特性變化看中國沿海及內陸城市的所得分配與不均度」，Journal of Development Economics， 69(1). 張怡文、江穎慧、張金鶚，2009，「分量迴歸在大量估價模型之應用-非典型住宅估價之改進」，《都市與計畫》，36卷3期，頁281─P304。 陳建良、管中閔，2006，「台灣工資函數與工資性別歧視的分量迴歸分析」，《經 濟論文》， 34卷4期， P435–468 劉宇晴，2006，「低收入戶生活扶助對台灣各縣市所得分配的影響」，國立政治大學財政研究所碩士論文。 魏敏芳，2015，「台灣農家所得不均度之決定因素:兼論老年農民福利津貼之政策效果」，國立台灣大學生物資源暨農學院農業經濟學系碩士論文。 二、英文部分 Alhamzawi, R., 2016, “Bayesian model selection in ordinal quantile regression,” Computational Statistics and Data Analysis, 103: 68-78. Asian Development Outlook (ADO) 2017: Transcending the Middle-Income Challenge Burdett, K., C. Carrillo-Tudela, and M. Coles, 2016, “Wage inequality: A structural decomposition,” Review of Economic Dynamics, 19:20-37. Brewer, M., and L. Wren‐Lewis, 2016, “Accounting for changes in income inequality: decomposition analyses for the UK, 1978–2008”, Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 78(3):289-322. Causa, O., A. de Serres, and N. Ruiz, 2014, “Growth and inequality: A close relationship?” Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, The OECD Observer: 28. Chang, H. H., A. K. Mishra, and M. Livingston, 2011, “Agricultural policy and its impact on fuel usage: Empirical evidence from farm household analysis,” Applied energy, 88(1):348-353. Darkwah, K. A., E. N. Nortey, and A. Lotsi, 2016, “ Estimation of the Gini coefficient for the lognormal distribution of income using the Lorenz curve,” SpringerPlus, 5(1):1196. Druckman, A. and T. Jackson, 2008, “Measuring resource inequalities: The concepts and methodology for an area-based Gini coefficient,” Ecological economics, 65(2):242- 252. Fosu, A. K., 2017, “Growth, inequality, and poverty reduction in developing countries: Recent global evidence,” Research in Economics, 71(2): 306-336. Garcia, J., P. J. Hernández, and A. Lopez-Nicolas, 2001, “How wide is the gap? An investigation of gender wage differences using quantile regression,” Empirical economics, 26(1):149-167. Ghosh, P. K. and J. Y. Lee, 2016, “Decomposition of Changes in Korean Wage Inequality, 1998–2007,” Journal of Labor Research, 37(1):1-28. Grotti, R. and S. Scherer, 2016, “Does gender equality increase economic inequality? Evidence from five countries,” Research in Social Stratification and Mobility, 45:3-26. Kimhi, A., 2007, “Regression-based inequality decomposition: A critical review and application to farm-household income data,” Agricultural Economics Department, The Hebrew University, Israel. Kimhi, A., Y. Arayama, J. M. Kim, and R. Jerusalem, 2014, “Identifying determinants of income inequality in the presence of multiple income sources: the case of Korean farm households,” In: EAAE 2014 Congress’ Agri-Food and Rural Innovations for Healthier Societies’. Ljubljana, Slovenia, August: 26-29. Kuan, C. M., 2007, “An introduction to quantile regression,” Institute of Economics. Kuznets, S., 1955, “Economic growth and income inequality,” The American economic review, 45(1):1-28. Lee, H. Y., J. Kim, and B. C. Cin, 2013, “Empirical analysis on the determinants of income inequality in Korea,” International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 53: 95-110. Lise, J., N. Sudo, M. Suzuki, K. Yamada, and T. Yamada, 2014, “Wage, income and consumption inequality in Japan, 1981–2008: from boom to lost decades,” Review of Economic Dynamics, 17(4):582-612. Manna, R. and A. Regoli, 2012, “Regression-based approaches for the decomposition of income inequality in Italy, 1998-2008,” Rivista di Statistica ufficiale, 14(1)：5-1. Mishra, A. K. and C. B. Moss, 2013, “Modeling the effect of off-farm income on farmland values: A quantile regression approach,” Economic Modelling, 32:361-368. Nakhaei Rad, N., G. R. Mohtashami Borzadaran, and G. H. Yari, 2016, “Maximum entropy estimation of income share function from generalized Gini index,”Journal of Applied Statistics, 43(16)：2910-2921. Pede, V. O., J. S. Luis, T. R. Paris, and J. D. McKinley, “Determinants of Household Income: A Quantile Regression Approach for Four Rice-Producing Areas in the Philippines,” Asian Journal of Agriculture and Development, 9(2)：1. Severini, S. and A. Tantari, 2015, “The distributional impact of agricultural policy tools on Italian farm household incomes,” Journal of policy Modeling, 37(1)：124-135. Wu, H., S. Ding, and G. Wan, 2015, “Income inequality and rural poverty in China: Focusing on the role of government transfer payments,” China Agricultural Economic Review, 7(1)：65-85. Yang, T. C., V. Y. J. Chen, C. Shoff, and S. A. Matthews, 2012, “Using quantile regression to examine the effects of inequality across the mortality distribution in the US counties,” Social science and medicine, 74(12)：1900-1910. 三、參考網站 Alvaredo, F., A. B. Atkinson, T. Piketty, E. Saez, and G. Zucman, 2016 , “The world wealth and income database,” Website: http://www. wid. world. OECD (2018) , Income inequality (indicator) , doi: 10.1787/459aa7f1-en (Accessed on 17 January 2018)
摘要: 
台灣在近50年以來吉尼係數與所得差距倍數逐年擴大，顯示台灣家庭所得差距逐漸增加，而農家家戶平均所得相較於全台家戶平均所得較低，我國農家所得相對於其他產業下亦相對弱勢。本研究欲以更全面、更廣泛來深入分析台灣農家所得分配之決定因素，試將農牧戶家戶總所得區分為各種不同所得族群，並透過被解釋變數在條件分量之下所呈現的結果，來進一步說明我國農牧戶所得變動之細微情況。
本研究透過所得不均度指標吉尼係數來衡量我國農牧戶、非農牧戶所得不均度之變化。研究結果顯示農牧戶的吉尼係數大於全台家戶和非農牧戶，並且農牧戶在接受政府補貼前後差異明顯，在接受政府補貼前之吉尼係數接近警戒值0.4，在接受政府補貼後吉尼係數則是趨緩至0.35。對於農牧戶所耕種之作物以從事耕種稻米與蔬菜的農牧戶在補貼前吉尼係數較大，而從事耕種果樹的農牧戶則是在補貼前後吉尼係數波動最大。
經由實證結果顯示家戶規模、戶內勞動比與戶長教育程度，這三項因素對農牧戶各所得族群皆有正向顯著的影響；戶內耕種作物、戶長年齡與家庭組織型態，對於中高所得及高所得族群影響效果大；而戶長性別則是對於低所得族群影響效果較大；政府補貼收入僅在特定年度下，對於低所得族群才具有顯著的效果。因此，依據研究結論及主要的課題提出原則性的建議，在政府角度上建議政府斟酌提供政府補貼收入的政策，尤其對適合對象和低所得族群進行政府補貼為佳；在農牧戶角度上則是建議農牧戶在戶長教育程度提升、家戶規模及戶內勞動力增加，都是有助於改善所得不均之因素。
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/11455/96983
Rights: 同意授權瀏覽/列印電子全文服務，2018-08-06起公開。
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